Common Network Terminologies

Before we start , first we have to know about the network & Network security. It would be better to acquaint with the definitions of some common network security related terms.

Access Control	The mechanisms and policies to ensure that network resources are available to only those users who are entitled to use them. Access control is usually implemented using an Access control list (ACL)
ACL	A table of data file that lists the users that can access a system or network resources. Motive of Implementing the ACL is give permission to the user for read, write, execute of file/drive/information.
Certificate	A digital signature that authenticates a user’s identity. It also known as digital certificate (most knows as digi cert). it contains the User’s public key & the digital sign of Certificate Authority (CA). As configured certificate may contain some more information (vendor ID, issuer details, user ID…)
Cryptography	A mechanism by which data is converted into an unreadable form (encrypted) using some algorithms (mostly using mathematics) that utilize a secret key. Only the intended recipient has the secret key to decrypt & get the original data back.
Decryption	The process of converting an encrypted message back into plain text(readable format) using the master key/secret key.
Encryption	The process of converting a message into unreadable form to safeguard the message from various attacks when it travels over a network.
Hacker	Someone who tries to gain unauthorized access to a computer or network.
Honeypot	A computer network that set up to attract hackers. However, it limits hackers form accessing the entire network.
Intrusion detection system	A software /hardware device that is specially set up to monitor network traffic and analyses the information gathered to detect any security breaches either in the form of intrusion or misuse.